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The hypervisor count, as seen by the switching layer (or any other layer higher than the hypervisor that performs the translations) may thus remain static during upgrades of the hypervisor hardware.

The method further determines a MAC address of the VM using the IP address of the VM and applies the VM MAC address to the destination MAC address field of the packet to forward the packet to the VM.

In turn, these multiple virtual machines couple to and are controlled by a hypervisor.

Thus these VMs below a hypervisor all require a unique MAC address.

Within a given cabinet, there can be many hypervisor instances that couple into a top of rack (TOR) switch.

This switch includes content addressable memory (CAM) tables that store an association of MAC addresses to physical locations, both for the VMs below it, as well as the MACs for all other VMs within a switching domainhuddle, which is a collection of cabinets or other aggregation of a set of servers or other computing resources of the data center.

In turn, the hypervisor can determine a MAC address of the VM using the IP address of the VM and apply the VM MAC address to the destination MAC address field of the packet and forward the packet to the VM from the hypervisor.

As an example, application of the VM MAC address may include replacing the hypervisor MAC address with the VM MAC address.

Each of these VMs may have a provisioning manifest including an IP address for the VM and a MAC address for the VM.

In turn, a switch may be coupled to this and other server resources.

The switch may include a content addressable memory (CAM) having entries each to associate a MAC address of a hypervisor with a physical location.

The MAC addresses of the VMs can be transparent to the switch.

In some embodiments, a mapping table may store entries each mapping an IP address for one of the VMs with a MAC address for the VM, to enable efficiency of translations.

Note that in different embodiments, the masking of MAC addresses can occur at different locations within a network hierarchy depending on a desired implementation.

This MAC address can be used as an identifier for all the VMs coupled below the hypervisor.

In turn, each hypervisor may include a mechanism such as a translation table to provide a mapping between this single MAC address exposed to the upper layers of the network architecture and all of the VMs associated with the hypervisor.

As will be described further below, the hypervisor can leverage information already available to it in order to perform the MAC address translation (actually, replacement as described further below) and to direct packets to the correct destination, both in upstream and downstream directions.

In this way, many fewer entries of the TOR switch are consumed, enabling a greater amount of hypervisors to be allocated to a single TOR switch.

This has the benefit of decoupling the scaling constraint of the network topology from the VM count, and ties it to the unit of scale deployment, the hypervisor.

For example the TOR switch itself can expose a single TOR MAC address to higher layers and in turn, the TOR switch provides a mapping or translation table to map this single MAC address to the devices coupled below it (namely hypervisors and connected VMs).

As an example, if a given amount of hypervisor switch ports are upgraded from one generation of hypervisor to another, there may 2-4 the amount of VMs may be present due to increased CPU and memory capacities of the new hypervisor platform.

By performing MAC translations as described herein, there is no impact to the switching layer as this layer does not store the end-VM MAC addresses, only the MAC addresses associated with the hypervisors that perform the MAC translation.

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